ADNK-6003

ADNK-6003 Datasheet

Agilent ADNK-6003 Optical Mouse Designer’s Kit

Part	Datasheet
ADNK-6003	ADNK-6003 (pdf)

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Agilent ADNK-6003 Optical Mouse Designer’s Kit Design Guide Introduction The Universal Serial Bus USB is an industry standard serial interface between a computer and peripherals such as a mouse, joystick, keyboard, UPS, etc. This design guide describes how a cost-effective USB-PS/2 optical mouse can be built using the Cypress Semiconductor CY7C63743-PXC USB microcontroller and the Agilent ADNS-6000 optical sensor. The document starts with the basic operations of a computer mouse peripheral followed by an introduction to the CY7C63743-PXC USB microcontroller and the Agilent Technologies ADNS-6000 Optical Navigation Sensor. A schematic of the CY7C63743PXC USB microcontroller to the ADNS-6000 optical sensor and buttons of a standard mouse can be found in Appendix A. The software section of this application note describes the architecture of the firmware required to implement the USB and PS/2 mouse functions. The CY7C63743-PXC data sheet is available from the Cypress web site at The ADNS-6000 data sheet is available from the Agilent web site at USB documentation can be found at the USB Implementers Forum web site at ADNB-6001 laser mouse bundle set is the world’s first laser-illuminated navigation system. With laser navigation technology, the mouse can operate on many surfaces that prove difficult for traditional LED-based optical navigation. Its high-performance architecture is capable of sensing high-speed mouse motion velocities up to 20 inches per second and accelerations up to 8g. The ADNS-6000 sensor along with the ADNS-6120 lens, ADNS-6220 clip and ADNV6330 laser diode form a complete and compact laser mouse tracking system. There are no moving parts, which means high reliability and less maintenance for the end user. In addition, precision optical alignment is not required, facilitating high volume assembly. Optical Mouse Basics The optical mouse measures changes in position by optically acquiring sequential surface images frames , and mathematically determining the direction and magnitude of movement. The Z-wheel movement is done in the traditional method by decoding the quadrature signal generated by optical sensors. This design guide shows how to connect to and manage a standard configuration of mouse hardware, as well as handle the USB and PS/2 protocols. Each of these protocols provides a standard way of reporting mouse movement and button presses to the PC. Introduction to the CY7C63743-PXC Hardware Implementation The CY7C63743-PXC is an 8bit RISC microcontroller with an integrated USB Serial Interface Engine SIE . The architecture executes generalpurpose instructions that are optimized for USB applications. The CY7C63743PXC has a built-in clock oscillator and timers as well as programmable drive strength and pull-up resistors on each I/O line. High performance, low-cost human interface type computer peripherals can be implemented with a minimum of external components and firmware effort. Serial Peripheral Interface SPI The CY7C63743-PXC provides a SPI compatible interface. The SPI circuit supports byte serial transfer in either Master or Slave mode. The integrated SPI circuit allows the CY7C63743PXC to communicate with external SPI compatible hardware, in this case the ADNS-6000. The standard hardware to implement a mouse is shown in Figure For X and Y movement, the optical sensor is used. The Z- wheel movement is detected by a set of optical sensors that output quadrature signals. For each button there is a switch that is pulled up internally by the built in pull up resistors. The D - line is pulled up via a 1.3k ohm resistor connected to the VREG pin. Firmware Configurable GPIO The reference firmware is configured to use the GPIO pins as shown on the schematic in Appendix A. However, it may be more optimal to use a different I/O configuration to meet the mechanical constraints of PCB design. The reference firmware is designed to be easily configured to another set of pin connections. This is accomplished through changes in the I/O definitions at the beginning of the adns6000.asm listing. The following statements are the pin definitions as they exist today. Agilent ADNS-6000 optical mouse sensor Z Optics Left Button Wheel Button Right Button MISO MOSI SCLK NCS VREG Cypress CY7C63743-PXC enCoRe USB Controller k Ohm D+/DSCLK/SDATA USB/PS2 Interface Figure CY7C63743-PXC Optical Mouse Hardware Block Diagram The firmware will use these definitions to read and configure the GPIO pins, without any other modifications. Communications between the CY7C63743-PXC and the ADNS-6000 are done through the integrated SPI interface. The serial port cannot be activated while the chip is in power down mode NPD low or reset high . When the SPI is enabled thru P0.4 NCS , the P0.7 SCLK , P0.6 MISO , and P0.5 MOSI GPIO pins serve special functions to enable the SPI interface to talk with external hardware. During normal operation, the CY7C63743-PXC SPI is always configured as a Master to output the serial clock on P0.7. Therefore, the USB microcontroller always initiates communication. Data sent by the ADNS-6000 optical sensor is received on the P0.6 MISO , and data is shifted out to the ADNS-6000 through the P0.5 MOSI . See the schematic in Appendix A. When writing to the ADNS-6000, the microcontroller drive both the SCLK and the MOSI lines. When reading from the ADNS6000, the microcontroller drives both the SCLK and MOSI lines initially. After tSRAD delay, the ADNS-6000 will drive the data via MISO. The microcontroller is only driving the SCLK line outputs SCLK for the serial interface . Optical Sensor Agilent’s ADNS-6000 optical sensor is used in this reference design as the primary navigation engine. This Optical Navigation Technology contains an Image Acquisition System, a Digital Signal Processor, a two channel quadrature output, and a four-wire serial port. The CY7C63743-PXC periodically reads the ADNS6000’s Delta_X and Delta_Y registers to obtain any horizontal and vertical motion information happening as a result of the mouse being moved. The output of the ADNS-6000 optical sensor is 4-wire serial port. This motion information will be reported to the PC to update the position of the cursor. The advantages of using ADNS-6000 optical sensor are the best tracking accuracy, flexibility of programming the optical sensor via the SPI port, and the automatic frame rate feature 1000fps to 6400fps . Besides, ADNS-6000 optical sensor performs excellent tracking on difficult surfaces which conventional Led based technology is unable to track such as glossy and smooth surfaces. In addition, Burst mode is another special serial port operation mode that may be used to reduce the serial transaction time for three predefined operations motion read and SROM download and frame capture. The speed improvement is achieved by continuous data clocking to or from multiple registers. Motion Read is activated by reading the Motion_Burst register. The ADNS-6000 will respond with the contents of the Motion, Delta_X, Delta_Y, SQUAL, Shutter_Upper, Shutter_Lower and Maximum_Pixel registers in that order. SROM download uses Burst Mode to load the Agilent-supplied firmware file contents into the ADNS-6000. The firmware file is an ASCII text file with each 2-character byte on a single line. Frame Capture is a fast way to download a full array of pixel values from a single frame. To learn more about sensor’s technical information, please visit the Agilent web site at: Mouse Optics The motion of Z-wheel is detected using the traditional method by decoding the quadrature signal generated by optical sensors. Two phototransistors are connected in a source-follower configuration. An infrared LED shines, causing the phototransistors to turn on. In between the phototransistors and LED is a pinwheel that turns on the mouse ball rollers. The fan of this pinwheel is mechanically designed to block the infrared light such that the phototransistors are turned on and off in a quadrature output pattern. Every change in the phototransistor outputs represents a count of mouse movement. Comparing the last state of the optics to the current state derives direction information. As shown in Figure 2 below, traveling along the quadrature signal to the right produces a unique set of state transitions, and traveling to the left produces another set of unique state transitions. In this reference design, only the motion at the Z-wheel is detected using this method. Figure Optics Quadrature Signal Generation

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Agilent ADNK-6003 Optical Mouse Designer’s Kit

Design Guide

Introduction

The Universal Serial Bus USB is an industry standard serial interface between a computer and peripherals such as a mouse, joystick, keyboard, UPS, etc. This design guide describes how a cost-effective USB-PS/2 optical mouse can be built using the Cypress Semiconductor CY7C63743-PXC USB microcontroller and the Agilent ADNS-6000 optical sensor. The document starts with the basic operations of a computer mouse peripheral followed by an introduction to the CY7C63743-PXC USB microcontroller and the Agilent Technologies ADNS-6000 Optical Navigation Sensor. A schematic of the CY7C63743PXC USB microcontroller to the ADNS-6000 optical sensor and buttons of a standard mouse can be found in Appendix A. The software section of this application note describes the architecture of the firmware required to implement the USB and PS/2 mouse functions. The

CY7C63743-PXC data sheet is available from the Cypress web site at The ADNS-6000 data sheet is available from the Agilent web site at USB documentation can be found at the USB Implementers Forum web site at

ADNB-6001 laser mouse bundle set is the world’s first laser-illuminated navigation system. With laser navigation technology, the mouse can operate on many surfaces that prove difficult for traditional LED-based optical navigation. Its high-performance architecture is capable of sensing high-speed mouse motion velocities up to 20 inches per second and accelerations up to 8g.

The ADNS-6000 sensor along with the ADNS-6120 lens, ADNS-6220 clip and ADNV6330 laser diode form a complete and compact laser
mouse tracking system. There are no moving parts, which means high reliability and less maintenance for the end user. In addition, precision optical alignment is not required, facilitating high volume assembly.

Optical Mouse Basics

The optical mouse measures changes in position by optically acquiring sequential surface images frames , and mathematically determining the direction and magnitude of movement. The Z-wheel movement is done in the traditional method by decoding the quadrature signal generated by optical sensors. This design guide shows how to connect to and manage a standard configuration of mouse hardware, as well as handle the USB and PS/2 protocols. Each of these protocols provides a standard way of reporting mouse movement and button presses to the PC.

Introduction to the CY7C63743-PXC Hardware Implementation

The CY7C63743-PXC is an 8bit RISC microcontroller with an integrated USB Serial Interface Engine SIE . The architecture executes generalpurpose instructions that are optimized for USB applications. The CY7C63743PXC has a built-in clock oscillator and timers as well as programmable drive strength and pull-up resistors on each I/O line. High performance, low-cost human interface type computer peripherals can be implemented with a minimum of external components and firmware effort.

Serial Peripheral Interface SPI

The CY7C63743-PXC provides a SPI compatible interface. The SPI circuit supports byte serial transfer in either Master or Slave mode. The integrated SPI circuit allows the CY7C63743PXC to communicate with external SPI compatible hardware, in this case the ADNS-6000.

The standard hardware to implement a mouse is shown in Figure For X and Y movement, the optical sensor is used. The Z- wheel movement is detected by a set of optical sensors that output quadrature signals. For each button there is a switch that is pulled up internally by the built in pull up resistors. The D - line is pulled up via a 1.3k ohm resistor connected to the VREG pin.

Firmware Configurable GPIO

The reference firmware is configured to use the GPIO pins as shown on the schematic in Appendix A. However, it may be more optimal to use a different I/O configuration to meet the mechanical constraints of PCB design. The reference firmware is designed to be easily configured to another set of pin connections. This is accomplished through changes in the I/O definitions at the beginning of the adns6000.asm listing. The following statements are the pin definitions as they exist today.

Agilent ADNS-6000 optical mouse sensor

Z Optics

Left Button Wheel Button Right Button

MISO MOSI

SCLK NCS

VREG

Cypress CY7C63743-PXC
enCoRe USB Controller
k Ohm

D+/DSCLK/SDATA

USB/PS2 Interface

Figure CY7C63743-PXC Optical Mouse Hardware Block Diagram

The firmware will use these definitions to read and configure the GPIO pins, without any other modifications.

Communications between the CY7C63743-PXC and the ADNS-6000 are done through the integrated SPI interface. The serial port cannot be activated while the chip is in power down mode NPD low or reset high . When the SPI is enabled thru P0.4 NCS , the P0.7 SCLK , P0.6 MISO , and P0.5 MOSI GPIO pins serve special functions to enable the SPI interface to talk with external hardware. During normal operation, the CY7C63743-PXC SPI is always configured as a Master to output the serial clock on P0.7. Therefore, the USB microcontroller always initiates communication. Data sent by the ADNS-6000 optical sensor is received on the P0.6 MISO , and data is shifted out to the ADNS-6000 through the P0.5 MOSI . See the schematic in Appendix A. When writing to the ADNS-6000, the microcontroller drive both the SCLK and the MOSI lines. When reading from the ADNS6000, the microcontroller drives both the SCLK and MOSI lines initially. After tSRAD delay, the ADNS-6000 will drive the data via MISO. The microcontroller is only driving the SCLK line outputs SCLK for the serial interface .

Optical Sensor

Agilent’s ADNS-6000 optical sensor is used in this reference design as the primary navigation engine. This Optical Navigation Technology contains an Image Acquisition System, a Digital Signal Processor, a two channel quadrature output,
and a four-wire serial port. The CY7C63743-PXC periodically reads the ADNS6000’s Delta_X and Delta_Y registers to obtain any horizontal and vertical motion information happening as a result of the mouse being moved. The output of the ADNS-6000 optical sensor is 4-wire serial port.

This motion information will be reported to the PC to update the position of the cursor. The advantages of using ADNS-6000 optical sensor are the best tracking accuracy, flexibility of programming the optical sensor via the SPI port, and the automatic frame rate feature 1000fps to 6400fps . Besides, ADNS-6000 optical sensor performs excellent tracking on difficult surfaces which conventional Led based technology is unable to track such as glossy and smooth surfaces. In addition, Burst mode is another special serial port operation mode that may be used to reduce the serial transaction time for three predefined operations motion read and SROM download and frame capture. The speed improvement is achieved by continuous data clocking to or from multiple registers.

Motion Read is activated by reading the Motion_Burst register. The ADNS-6000 will respond with the contents of the Motion, Delta_X, Delta_Y, SQUAL, Shutter_Upper, Shutter_Lower and Maximum_Pixel registers in that order. SROM download uses Burst Mode to load the Agilent-supplied firmware file contents into the ADNS-6000. The firmware file is an ASCII text file with each 2-character byte on a single line. Frame

Capture is a fast way to download a full array of pixel values from a single frame.

To learn more about sensor’s technical information, please visit the Agilent web site at:

Mouse Optics

The motion of Z-wheel is detected using the traditional method by decoding the quadrature signal generated by optical sensors. Two phototransistors are connected in a source-follower configuration. An infrared LED shines, causing the phototransistors to turn on. In between the phototransistors and LED is a pinwheel that turns on the mouse ball rollers. The fan of this pinwheel is mechanically designed to block the infrared light such that the phototransistors are turned on and off in a quadrature output pattern. Every change in the phototransistor outputs represents a count of mouse movement. Comparing the last state of the optics to the current state derives direction information. As shown in Figure 2 below, traveling along the quadrature signal to the right produces a unique set of state transitions, and traveling to the left produces another set of unique state transitions. In this reference design, only the motion at the Z-wheel is detected using this method.

Figure Optics Quadrature Signal Generation

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Datasheet ID: ADNK-6003 519949