ADNK-3043-TI27

ADNK-3043-TI27 Datasheet


ADNK-3043-TI27 Wireless USB Optical Mouse Designer’s Kit

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ADNK-3043-TI27 Wireless USB Optical Mouse Designer’s Kit

Design Guide

Introduction

This design guide describes the design of a low power consumption optical mouse using the Texas Instrument MSP430F1222 microcontroller, the Avago ADNS-3040 optical sensor and a 27 MHz FSK transmitter implemented with discrete components. The receiver is implemented with a TI TRF9700 receiver and Cypress CY7C63743 USB controller. The document discusses the reference design hardware and the firmware implementation. Included in Appendix A is the schematic for this reference design mouse. The software section of this document describes the architecture of the firmware required to implement the mouse functions. The MSP430F1222 data sheet is available on the TI web site at The ADNS-3040 data sheet is available from the Avago web site at avagotech.com. USB controller data sheet can be found on the Cypress web site:

Key reference design objectives:

Highlight the low-power benefit of the ADNS-3040

Demonstrate multiple RF technologies 27 MHz and GHz

Feature a Flash-based development environment to facilitate rapid firmware changes

Reference Design Overview

The image-based optical mouse sensor takes snap shots of the surface it is navigating on. It measures changes in position by comparing the sequential images frames and mathematically determines the direction and magnitude of movement. The traditional duel-channel optical encoder generates the quadrature Z-wheel movement signals. This design guide illustrates the hardware connection of a LED-based optical mouse with standard configuration as well as the firmware management and the handling of the USB protocols. USB protocol provides a standard way of reporting mouse movement and button presses to the PC. The Windows HID driver interprets the USB data and performs the cursor movements and mouse clicks.

The functional block diagram of the reference design mouse is shown in Figure The optical sensor detects the X and Y movements. An optical quadrature encoder provides the Z-wheel movement. Each of the button switches is pulled up normally and provides a Ground when pressed. The MAX1722 boost regulator maintains the V operating voltage for the reference design mouse from two regular AA Alkaline batteries in parallel.

This preliminary data is provided to assist you in the evaluation of product s currently under development. Until Avago Technologies releases this product for general sales, Avago Technologies reserves the right to alter prices,
specifications, features, capabilities, functions, release dates, and remove availability of the product s at anytime.

Avago ADNS-3040 Optical Mouse Sensor

MISO MOSI SCLK NCS

Z Optics

Quadrature Signals

TI MSP430F1222 Microcontroller

MAX1722 Boost Regulator

Left Button Wheel Button

Control and Data

RF Board

Right Button

Figure ADNK-3034-TI27 Reference Design Mouse functional Block Diagram

Theory of Operation

Navigation Technology

The heart of the ADNS-3040 navigation sensor is a CMOS image array. An LED and an optical system illuminate the surface that the ADNS-3040 is navigating on. The texture of the surface casts bright and dark spots forming distinct images as the sensor is moved across the surface. A Digital Signal Processing DSP engine and its built-in algorithm evaluate these images and determine the magnitude and direction of the movement.

The motion data is made available in the delta_X and delta_Y registers for the system controller to retrieve. An extensive power saving topology is implemented within the ADNS-3040 navigation engine. A Motion pin output is available to act as the system interrupt. As long as there is no motion the system can remain in Sleep mode allowing maximum battery power saving. Based on the last detected motion the ADNS-3040 navigation engine enters various power saving modes when no new motion occurs. These power saving features make the ADNS-3040 ideally for wireless applications.

Image

Array

Lens

Lens

Surface

Shadow pattern

Figure Illustration of Optical Navigation technology

Z Wheel

The motion of Z-wheel is detected using the quadrature signal generated by optical sensors. Two phototransistors are connected in a source-follower configuration forming Channel A and Channel B An infrared LED shines, causing the phototransistors to turn on. In between the phototransistors and the LED is a pinwheel that rotates. The spokes of this pinwheel is mechanically designed to interrupt the infrared light such that the phototransistors are turned on and off in a quadrature output pattern. Every change in the phototransistor outputs represents a count of Z-wheel movement. Comparing the last state of the optics to the current state derives directional information. As shown in Figure 3 below, rotating the wheel forward produces a unique set of state transitions, and rotating the wheel backward produces another set of unique state transitions.

Hardware Implementation

Optical Mouse Sensor

This reference design features the ADNS-3040 optical navigation engine. It contains an Image Acquisition System IAS , a Digital Signal Processor DSP , and a four-wire Serial Peripheral Interface consists of the serial clock SCLK , the master-in/slave-out MISO and the master-out/slave-in MOSI . In addition a fourth signal chip select NCS is used to select the device on the SPI buss. Motion, is an additional output from the ADNS-3040 intended to act as an interrupt to the microcontroller whenever the ADNS-3040 senses motion. When the mouse is moved the ADNS-3040 alerts the system controller by activating the Motion signal triggering an interrupt service routine. At the same time the ADNS-3040 accumulates the horizontal and vertical displacements count per inch, or cpi in its Delta_X and Delta_Y registers respectively. The ADNS-3040 deactivates the Motion signal as soon as movement stops. The SmartSpeed technology automatically optimizes the frame rate by examining the acquired images of the surface. It also manages the integrated LED driver to coordinate with the shutter.

The system controller reads the motion information and reports it to the PC to update the cursor position.
More datasheets: CY7C1021CV33-10BAXIT | CY7C1021CV33-15ZSXA | CY7C1021CV33-15ZSXAT | CY7C4225-15AC | CY7C4245-15ASC | FQB5N50CFTM | DFR0015 | B39931B4063U810 | 10306 | 3497


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Datasheet ID: ADNK-3043-TI27 519938