MAXQ3181-RAN+

MAXQ3181-RAN+ Datasheet

MAXQ3181

Part	Datasheet
MAXQ3181-RAN+	MAXQ3181-RAN+ (pdf)

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MAXQ3181 Low-Power, Active Energy, Polyphase AFE The MAXQ3181 is a dedicated electricity measurement front-end that collects and calculates polyphase voltage, current, active power and energy, and many other metering parameters of a polyphase load. The computed results can be retrieved by an external master through the on-chip serial peripheral interface SPI bus. This bus is also used by the external master to configure the operation of the MAXQ3181 and monitor the status of operations. The MAXQ3181 performs voltage and current measurements using an integrated ADC that can measure up to seven external differential signal pairs. An eighth differential signal pair is used to measure the die temperature. An internal amplifier automatically adjusts the current channel gain to compensate for low-current channel-signal levels. 3-Phase Active Energy Electricity Meters Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAXQ3181-RAN+ -40°C to +85°C 28 TSSOP +Denotes a lead Pb -free/RoHS-compliant package. Pin Configuration and Typical Application Circuit appear at end of data sheet. Compatible with 3-Phase/3-Wire, 3-Phase/4-Wire, and Other 3-Phase Services Active Power and Energy Linearity Error Apparent Power and Energy Linearity Error Linearity Errors for RMS Voltage and RMS Current Neutral Line Current Measurement Line Frequency Hz Power Factors Phase Sequence Indication Phase Voltage Absence Detection Programmable Pulse Width Programmable No-Load Current Threshold Programmable Meter Constant Programmable Thresholds for Undervoltage and Overvoltage Detection Programmable Threshold for Overcurrent Detection Amp-Hours in Absence of Voltage Signals On-Chip Digital Temperature Sensor Precision Internal Voltage Reference 2.048V 30ppm/°C typical , Also Supports An External Voltage Reference Active Power and Energy of Each Phase and Combined 3-Phase kWh , Positive and Negative Apparent Power and Energy of Each Phase and Combined 3-Phase Supports Software Meter Calibration Up to 3-Point Multipoint Calibration to Compensate for Transducer Nonlinearity Power-Fail Detection Bidirectional Reset Input/Output SPI-Compatible Serial Interface with Interrupt Request IRQ Output Single 3.3V Supply, Low Power 35mW typical MAXQ is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. SPI is a trademark of Motorola, Inc. Maxim Integrated Products 1 For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at MAXQ3181 Low-Power, Active Energy, Polyphase AFE TABLE OF CONTENTS Absolute Maximum Ratings Metering Specifications Electrical Characteristics SPI Slave Mode Timing Block Diagram Pin Description Detailed Description Analog Front-End Digital Signal Processor Precision Pulse Generators SPI Peripheral Operating Modes Run Mode Stop Mode Reset Sources External Reset Power-On Reset Watchdog Reset Software Reset Power-Supply Monitoring Clock Sources External High-Frequency Crystal External High-Frequency Clock Internal RC Oscillator Master Communications SPI Communications Rate and Format SPI Communications Protocol Host Software Design Register Set RAM-Based Registers General Operating Registers Global Status Register STATUS 0x000 Operating Mode Register 0 OPMODE0 0x001 Operating Mode Register 1 OPMODE1 0x002 Operating Mode Register 2 OPMODE2 0x003 MAXQ3181 Low-Power, Active Energy, Polyphase AFE TABLE OF CONTENTS continued Global Interrupt Registers Interrupt Request Flag Register IRQ_FLAG 0x004 Interrupt Mask Register IRQ_MASK 0x006 Meter Pulse Configuration Pulse Output PLSCFG1 0x01E CFP Pulse Width PLS1_WD 0x020 CFP Pulse Threshold THR1 0x022 Calibration Registers Current Gain, Phase X = A/B/C/N X.I_GAIN A 0x130, B 0x21C, C 0x308, N 0x12E Voltage Gain, Phase X = A/B/C X.V_GAIN A 0x132, B 0x21E, C 0x30A Energy Gain, Phase X = A/B/C X.E_GAIN A 0x134, B 0x220, C 0x30C Phase-Angle Compensation, High Range, Phase X = A/B/C X.PA0 A 0x13E, B 0x22A, C 0x316 Phase-Angle Compensation, Medium Range, Phase X = A/B/C X.PA1 A 0x140, B 0x22C, C 0x318 Phase-Angle Compensation, Low Range, Phase X = A/B/C X.PA2 A 0x142, B 0x22E, C 0x31A Limit Registers Overcurrent Level OCLVL 0x044 Overvoltage Level OVLVL 0x046 Undervoltage Level UVLVL 0x048 No-Load Level NOLOAD 0x04A Phase Status Registers Interrupt Flags, Phase X = A/B/C X.FLAGS A 0x144, B 0x230, C 0x31C Interrupt Mask, Phase X = A/B/C X.MASK A 0x145, B 0x231, C 0x31D Energy Overflow Flags, Phase X = A/B/C X.EOVER A 0x146, B 0x232, C 0x31E Measurements Line Frequency LINEFR 0x062 Power Factor, Phase X = A/B/C X.PF A 0x1C6, B 0x2B2, C 0x39E RMS Voltage, Phase X = A/B/C X.VRMS A 0x1C8, B 0x2B4, C 0x3A0 RMS Current, Phase X = A/B/C X.IRMS A 0x1CC, B 0x2B8, C 0x3A4 Energy, Real Positive, Phase X = A/B/C X.EAPOS A 0x1E8, B 0x2D4, C 0x3C0 Energy, Real Negative, Phase X = A/B/C X.EANEG A 0x1EC, B 0x2D8, C 0x3C4 Energy, Apparent, Phase X = A/B/C X.ES A 0x1F8, B 0x2E4, C 0x3D0 Virtual Register Conversion Coefficients Voltage Units Conversion Coefficient VOLT_CC 0x014 Current Units Conversion Coefficient AMP_CC 0x016 Power Units Conversion Coefficient PWR_CC 0x018 Energy Units Conversion Coefficient ENR_CC 0x01A MAXQ3181 Low-Power, Active Energy, Polyphase AFE TABLE OF CONTENTS continued Virtual Registers Power Real Power, Phase X = A/B/C/T PWRP.X A 0x801, B 0x802, C 0x804, T 0x807 Apparent Power, Phase X = A/B/C/T PWRS.X A 0x821, B 0x822, C 0x824, T 0x827 Voltage and Current RMS Volts, Phase X = A/B/C V.X A 0x831, B 0x832, C 0x834 RMS Amps, Phase X = A/B/C/N I.X A 0x841, B 0x842, C 0x844, N 0x840 Power Factor Power Factor PF.T 0x867 Energy Real Energy, Phase A/B/C/T ENRP.X A 0x8C1, B 0x8C2, C 0x8C4, T 0x8C7 Apparent Energy, Phase A/B/C/T ENRS.X A 0x871, B 0x872, C 0x874, T 0x877 Theory of Operation Analog Front-End Operation Digital Signal Processing DSP Terminology Digital Processing Per Sample Operations Per DSP Cycle Operations Energy Accumulation No-Zero-Crossing Detection Phase Sequence Status Power Calculation Active and Apparent Energy Accumulation Start Delay No-Load Feature On Demand Calculations RMS Volts, RMS Amps Power Factor Line Frequency Energy Meter Pulse Generating Pulses Meter Constant Interrupts Overvoltage and Overcurrent Detection Meter Units to Real Units Conversion Units Conversion Examples MAXQ3181 Low-Power, Active Energy, Polyphase AFE TABLE OF CONTENTS continued Calibration Procedure Calibration Overview Calibrating Voltage Calibrating Current Calibrating Phase Offset Interfacing the MAXQ3181 to External Hardware Connections to the Power Source Sensor Selection Voltage Sensors Voltage-Divider Voltage Transformer Current Sensors Current Shunt Current Transformer Advanced Operation Modifying the ADC Operation Fine-Tuning the DSP Controls Fine-Tuning the Line Frequency Measurement Low-Power Measurement Mode LOWPM Temperature Advanced Calibrations Calibrating Current Offset Calibrating Linearity Calibrating Power/Energy Gain Multipoint Phase Offset Calibration Advanced Register Configurations Analog Scan Configuration Registers Time Slot Channel X = A/B/C SCAN_IX A 0x008, B 0x00C, C 0x00A Time Slot Channel X = A/B/C SCAN_VX A 0x009, B 0x00D, C 0x00B Time Slot Current Channel SCAN_IN 0x00E Time Slot Channel SCAN_TE 0x00F Neutral Current Auxiliary Channel Configuration AUX_CFG 0x010 DSP System Configuration System Clock Frequency SYS_KHZ 0x012 Cycle Count CYCNT 0x01C Number of Scan Frames per DSP Cycle NS 0x040 MAXQ3181 Low-Power, Active Energy, Polyphase AFE TABLE OF CONTENTS continued Filter Coefficients Line Cycle Noise Rejection Filter REJ_NS 0x02C Line Cycle Averaging Filter AVG_NS 0x02E Meter Measurement Averaging Filter AVG_C 0x030 Meter Measurement Highpass Filter HPF_C 0x032 Zero-Cross Lowpass Filter ZC_LPF 0x05A Hardware Mirror Registers ADC Configuration R_ACFG 0x04C ADC Conversion Rate R_ADCRATE 0x04E ADC Settling Time R_ADCACQ 0x050 SPI Configuration R_SPICF 0x052 Timeouts Zero-Crossing Timeout NZX_TIMO 0x054 Communications Timeout COM_TIMO 0x056 Energy Accumulation Timeout ACC_TIMO 0x058 Phase-Angle Compensation Phase Offset Current Threshold 1 I1THR 0x05C Phase Offset Current Threshold 2 I2THR 0x05E Miscellaneous Gain Neutral Current Gain N.I_GAIN 0x12E Linearity Compensation Linearity Offset, High Range, Phase X = A/B/C X.OFFS_HI A 0x138, B 0x224, C 0x310 Linearity Gain Coefficient, Low Range, Phase X = A/B/C X.GAIN_LO A 0x13A, B 0x226, C 0x312 Linearity Offset, Low Range, Phase X = A/B/C X.OFFS_LO A 0x13C, B 0x228, C 0x314 Registers On-Demand RMS Result N.IRMS 0x11C Energy Accumulated in the Last DSP Cycle Real Energy, Phase X = A/B/C X.ACT A 0x1D0, B 0x2BC, C 0x3A8 Apparent Energy, Phase X = A/B/C X.APP A 0x1D8, B 0x2C4, C 0x3B0 Checksum CHKSUM 0x060 Neutral Current RMS Current, Neutral I.N 0x840 Special Commands Applications Information Grounds and Bypassing Specific Design Considerations for MAXQ3181-Based Systems Additional Documentation

PDF Datasheet Preview

MAXQ3181

Low-Power, Active Energy, Polyphase AFE

The MAXQ3181 is a dedicated electricity measurement front-end that collects and calculates polyphase voltage, current, active power and energy, and many other metering parameters of a polyphase load. The computed results can be retrieved by an external master through the on-chip serial peripheral interface SPI bus. This bus is also used by the external master to configure the operation of the MAXQ3181 and monitor the status of operations.

The MAXQ3181 performs voltage and current measurements using an integrated ADC that can measure up to seven external differential signal pairs. An eighth differential signal pair is used to measure the die temperature. An internal amplifier automatically adjusts the current channel gain to compensate for low-current channel-signal levels.
3-Phase Active Energy Electricity Meters
Ordering Information

PART

TEMP RANGE

PIN-PACKAGE

MAXQ3181-RAN+ -40°C to +85°C
28 TSSOP
+Denotes a lead Pb -free/RoHS-compliant package.

Pin Configuration and Typical Application Circuit appear at end of data sheet.

Compatible with 3-Phase/3-Wire, 3-Phase/4-Wire, and Other 3-Phase Services

Active Power and Energy Linearity Error Apparent Power and Energy Linearity Error Linearity Errors for RMS Voltage and RMS

Current Neutral Line Current Measurement Line Frequency Hz Power Factors Phase Sequence Indication Phase Voltage Absence Detection Programmable Pulse Width Programmable No-Load Current Threshold Programmable Meter Constant Programmable Thresholds for Undervoltage and

Overvoltage Detection Programmable Threshold for Overcurrent Detection Amp-Hours in Absence of Voltage Signals On-Chip Digital Temperature Sensor Precision Internal Voltage Reference 2.048V
30ppm/°C typical , Also Supports An External Voltage Reference Active Power and Energy of Each Phase and Combined 3-Phase kWh , Positive and Negative Apparent Power and Energy of Each Phase and Combined 3-Phase Supports Software Meter Calibration Up to 3-Point Multipoint Calibration to Compensate for Transducer Nonlinearity Power-Fail Detection Bidirectional Reset Input/Output SPI-Compatible Serial Interface with Interrupt Request IRQ Output Single 3.3V Supply, Low Power 35mW typical

MAXQ is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. SPI is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.

Maxim Integrated Products 1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at

MAXQ3181

Low-Power, Active Energy, Polyphase AFE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Absolute Maximum Ratings Metering Specifications Electrical Characteristics SPI Slave Mode Timing Block Diagram Pin Description Detailed Description

Analog Front-End Digital Signal Processor Precision Pulse Generators SPI Peripheral Operating Modes

Run Mode Stop Mode Reset Sources External Reset Power-On Reset Watchdog Reset Software Reset Power-Supply Monitoring Clock Sources External High-Frequency Crystal External High-Frequency Clock Internal RC Oscillator Master Communications SPI Communications Rate and Format SPI Communications Protocol Host Software Design Register Set RAM-Based Registers General Operating Registers Global Status Register STATUS 0x000 Operating Mode Register 0 OPMODE0 0x001 Operating Mode Register 1 OPMODE1 0x002 Operating Mode Register 2 OPMODE2 0x003

MAXQ3181

Low-Power, Active Energy, Polyphase AFE

TABLE OF CONTENTS continued

Global Interrupt Registers Interrupt Request Flag Register IRQ_FLAG 0x004 Interrupt Mask Register IRQ_MASK 0x006

Meter Pulse Configuration Pulse Output PLSCFG1 0x01E CFP Pulse Width PLS1_WD 0x020 CFP Pulse Threshold THR1 0x022

Calibration Registers Current Gain, Phase X = A/B/C/N X.I_GAIN A 0x130, B 0x21C, C 0x308, N 0x12E Voltage Gain, Phase X = A/B/C X.V_GAIN A 0x132, B 0x21E, C 0x30A Energy Gain, Phase X = A/B/C X.E_GAIN A 0x134, B 0x220, C 0x30C Phase-Angle Compensation, High Range, Phase X = A/B/C X.PA0 A 0x13E, B 0x22A, C 0x316 Phase-Angle Compensation, Medium Range, Phase X = A/B/C X.PA1 A 0x140, B 0x22C, C 0x318 Phase-Angle Compensation, Low Range, Phase X = A/B/C X.PA2 A 0x142, B 0x22E, C 0x31A

Limit Registers Overcurrent Level OCLVL 0x044 Overvoltage Level OVLVL 0x046 Undervoltage Level UVLVL 0x048 No-Load Level NOLOAD 0x04A

Phase Status Registers Interrupt Flags, Phase X = A/B/C X.FLAGS A 0x144, B 0x230, C 0x31C Interrupt Mask, Phase X = A/B/C X.MASK A 0x145, B 0x231, C 0x31D Energy Overflow Flags, Phase X = A/B/C X.EOVER A 0x146, B 0x232, C 0x31E

Measurements Line Frequency LINEFR 0x062 Power Factor, Phase X = A/B/C X.PF A 0x1C6, B 0x2B2, C 0x39E RMS Voltage, Phase X = A/B/C X.VRMS A 0x1C8, B 0x2B4, C 0x3A0 RMS Current, Phase X = A/B/C X.IRMS A 0x1CC, B 0x2B8, C 0x3A4 Energy, Real Positive, Phase X = A/B/C X.EAPOS A 0x1E8, B 0x2D4, C 0x3C0 Energy, Real Negative, Phase X = A/B/C X.EANEG A 0x1EC, B 0x2D8, C 0x3C4 Energy, Apparent, Phase X = A/B/C X.ES A 0x1F8, B 0x2E4, C 0x3D0

Virtual Register Conversion Coefficients Voltage Units Conversion Coefficient VOLT_CC 0x014 Current Units Conversion Coefficient AMP_CC 0x016 Power Units Conversion Coefficient PWR_CC 0x018 Energy Units Conversion Coefficient ENR_CC 0x01A

MAXQ3181

Low-Power, Active Energy, Polyphase AFE

TABLE OF CONTENTS continued

Virtual Registers Power Real Power, Phase X = A/B/C/T PWRP.X A 0x801, B 0x802, C 0x804, T 0x807 Apparent Power, Phase X = A/B/C/T PWRS.X A 0x821, B 0x822, C 0x824, T 0x827 Voltage and Current RMS Volts, Phase X = A/B/C V.X A 0x831, B 0x832, C 0x834 RMS Amps, Phase X = A/B/C/N I.X A 0x841, B 0x842, C 0x844, N 0x840 Power Factor Power Factor PF.T 0x867 Energy Real Energy, Phase A/B/C/T ENRP.X A 0x8C1, B 0x8C2, C 0x8C4, T 0x8C7 Apparent Energy, Phase A/B/C/T ENRS.X A 0x871, B 0x872, C 0x874, T 0x877

Theory of Operation Analog Front-End Operation Digital Signal Processing DSP Terminology Digital Processing Per Sample Operations Per DSP Cycle Operations Energy Accumulation No-Zero-Crossing Detection Phase Sequence Status Power Calculation Active and Apparent Energy Accumulation Start Delay No-Load Feature On Demand Calculations RMS Volts, RMS Amps Power Factor Line Frequency Energy Meter Pulse Generating Pulses Meter Constant Interrupts Overvoltage and Overcurrent Detection Meter Units to Real Units Conversion Units Conversion Examples

MAXQ3181

Low-Power, Active Energy, Polyphase AFE

TABLE OF CONTENTS continued

Calibration Procedure Calibration Overview Calibrating Voltage Calibrating Current Calibrating Phase Offset

Interfacing the MAXQ3181 to External Hardware Connections to the Power Source

Sensor Selection Voltage Sensors Voltage-Divider Voltage Transformer Current Sensors Current Shunt Current Transformer

Advanced Operation Modifying the ADC Operation Fine-Tuning the DSP Controls Fine-Tuning the Line Frequency Measurement Low-Power Measurement Mode LOWPM Temperature Advanced Calibrations Calibrating Current Offset Calibrating Linearity Calibrating Power/Energy Gain Multipoint Phase Offset Calibration

Advanced Register Configurations Analog Scan Configuration Registers Time Slot Channel X = A/B/C SCAN_IX A 0x008, B 0x00C, C 0x00A Time Slot Channel X = A/B/C SCAN_VX A 0x009, B 0x00D, C 0x00B Time Slot Current Channel SCAN_IN 0x00E Time Slot Channel SCAN_TE 0x00F Neutral Current Auxiliary Channel Configuration AUX_CFG 0x010 DSP System Configuration System Clock Frequency SYS_KHZ 0x012 Cycle Count CYCNT 0x01C Number of Scan Frames per DSP Cycle NS 0x040

MAXQ3181

Low-Power, Active Energy, Polyphase AFE

TABLE OF CONTENTS continued

Filter Coefficients Line Cycle Noise Rejection Filter REJ_NS 0x02C Line Cycle Averaging Filter AVG_NS 0x02E Meter Measurement Averaging Filter AVG_C 0x030 Meter Measurement Highpass Filter HPF_C 0x032 Zero-Cross Lowpass Filter ZC_LPF 0x05A

Hardware Mirror Registers ADC Configuration R_ACFG 0x04C ADC Conversion Rate R_ADCRATE 0x04E ADC Settling Time R_ADCACQ 0x050 SPI Configuration R_SPICF 0x052

Timeouts Zero-Crossing Timeout NZX_TIMO 0x054 Communications Timeout COM_TIMO 0x056 Energy Accumulation Timeout ACC_TIMO 0x058

Phase-Angle Compensation Phase Offset Current Threshold 1 I1THR 0x05C Phase Offset Current Threshold 2 I2THR 0x05E

Miscellaneous Gain Neutral Current Gain N.I_GAIN 0x12E

Linearity Compensation Linearity Offset, High Range, Phase X = A/B/C X.OFFS_HI A 0x138, B 0x224, C 0x310 Linearity Gain Coefficient, Low Range, Phase X = A/B/C X.GAIN_LO A 0x13A, B 0x226, C 0x312 Linearity Offset, Low Range, Phase X = A/B/C X.OFFS_LO A 0x13C, B 0x228, C 0x314

Registers On-Demand RMS Result N.IRMS 0x11C Energy Accumulated in the Last DSP Cycle Real Energy, Phase X = A/B/C X.ACT A 0x1D0, B 0x2BC, C 0x3A8 Apparent Energy, Phase X = A/B/C X.APP A 0x1D8, B 0x2C4, C 0x3B0 Checksum CHKSUM 0x060 Neutral Current RMS Current, Neutral I.N 0x840 Special Commands

Applications Information Grounds and Bypassing Specific Design Considerations for MAXQ3181-Based Systems Additional Documentation

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Datasheet ID: MAXQ3181-RAN+ 647459