A000008

A000008 Datasheet

Part	Datasheet
A000008	A000008 (pdf)

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ARDUINO Code: Arduino is the perfect board to use when designing connected devices and, more in general, Internet of Things projects. It combines the power of Linux with the ease of use of Arduino • The Arduino Yún is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega32u4 and the Atheros AR9331. The Atheros processor supports a Linux distribution based on OpenWrt named Linino OS. The board has built-in Ethernet and WiFi support, a USB-A port, micro-SD card slot, 20 digital input/output pins 7 of them can be used as PWM outputs and 12 as analog inputs , a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a micro USB connection, an ICSP header, and 3 reset buttons. NB In some countries, it is prohibited to sell WiFi enabled devices without government approval. While waiting for proper certification, some local distributors are disabling WiFi functionality. Check with your dealer before purchasing a Yún if you believe you may live in such a country. The Yún distinguishes itself from other Arduino boards by its ability to communicate with the Linux distribution onboard, offering a powerful networked computer with the ease of an Arduino. In addition to Linux commands like the cURL, you can write your own shell and python scripts for robust interactions. The Yún is similar to the Leonardo with the ATmega32u4, except that it has Linux on board. has built-in USB communication, eliminating the need for a secondary processor . NB Yun Release 5 The new Arduino Yun R5 differs substantially from the previous release in these features: • The power supply system provides 5V on AREF • The layout has been modified, adding two holes for USB signals and two holes for GP6 and GPIO13 LED2 . Getting Started In the Getting Started section, you can find all the information you need to configure your board. Ready to get started? If you bought your Arduino Yún before Oct 2014, please check the Yún Open WRT OS Getting Started Page, if you bought it after 2015 check Arduino Yún Linino OS Getting Started page. • AVR Arduino microcontroller Microcontroller Operating Voltage Input Voltage Digital I/O Pins PWM Output Analog I/O Pins DC Current per I/O Pin Flash Memory SRAM EEPROM Clock Speed ATmega32U4 5V 20 7 12 40 mA on I/O Pins 50 mA on 3,3 Pin 32 KB of which 4 KB used by bootloader KB 1 KB 16 MHz • Arduino Microprocessor Processor Architecture Operating Voltage Ethernet WiFi USB Type Card Reader RAM Flash Memory SRAM EEPROM Clock Speed Atheros AR9331 MIPS 3.3V 10/100Mbit/s 802.11b/g/n GHz Host 64 MB DDR2 16 MB KB 1 KB 400 MHz • Power It is recommended to power the board via the micro-USB connection with 5VDC. If you are powering the board though the Vin pin, you must supply a regulated 5VDC. There is no on-board voltage regulator for higher voltages, which will damage the board. The Yún is also compatible with PoE power supply but in order to use this feature you need to mount a PoE module on the board or buy a preassembled board. Note early models of the Yún with a PoE adapter were incorrectly providing the board with 12V. An updated version will soon be provided to distributors that provide the expected 5V. If you believe you have the wrong PoE adapter on your board, please contact The power pins are as follows: • VIN. The input voltage to the Arduino board. Unlike other Arduino boards, if you are going to provide power to the board through this pin, you must provide a regulated 5V. • 5V. The power supply used to power the microcontrollers and other components on the board. This can come either from VIN or be supplied by USB. • 3V3. A volt supply generated by the regulator. Maximum current draw is 50 mA. • GND. Ground pins. • IOREF. The voltage at which the i/o pins of the board are operating i.e. VCC for the board . This is 5V on the Yún. Memory The ATmega32u4 has 32 KB with 4 KB used for the bootloader . It also has KB of SRAM and 1 KB of EEPROM which can be read and written with the EEPROM library . The memory on the AR9331 is not embedded inside the processor. The RAM and the storage memory are externally connected. The Yún has 64 MB of DDR2 RAM and 16 MB of flash memory. The flash memory is preloaded in factory with a Linux distribution based on OpenWrt called Linino OS. You can change the content of the factory image, such as when you install a program or when you change a configuration file. You can return to the factory configuration by pressing the "WLAN RST" button for 30 seconds. The Linino OS installation occupies around 9 MB of the 16 MB available of the internal flash memory. You can use a micro SD card if you need more disk space for installing applications. Input and Output It is not possible to access the I/O pins of the Atheros AR9331. All I/O lines are tied to the 32U4. Each of the 20 digital i/o pins on the Yún can be used as an input or output, using pinMode , digitalWrite , and digitalRead functions. They operate at 5 volts. Each pin can provide or receive a maximum of 40 mA and has an internal pull-up resistor disconnected by default of 20-50 kOhms. In addition, some pins have specialized functions Serial 0 RX and 1 TX . Used to receive RX and transmit TX TTL serial data using the ATmega32U4 hardware serial capability. Note that on the Yún, the Serial class refers to USB CDC communication for TTL serial on pins 0 and 1, use the Serial1 class. The hardware serials of the ATmega32U4 and the AR9331 on the Yún are connected together and are used to communicate between the two processors. As is common in Linux systems, on the serial port of the AR9331 is exposed the console for access to the system, this means that you can access to the programs and tools offered by Linux from your sketch. • TWI 2 SDA and 3 SCL . Support TWI communication using the Wire library. • External Interrupts 3 interrupt 0 , 2 interrupt 1 , 0 interrupt 2 , 1 interrupt 3 and 7 interrupt These pins can be configured to trigger an interrupt on a low value, a rising or falling edge, or a change in value. See the attachInterrupt function for details. Is not recommended to use pins 0 and 1 as interrupts because they are the also the hardware serial port used to talk with the Linux processor. Pin 7 is connected to the AR9331 processor and it may be used as handshake signal in future. Is recommended to be careful of possible conflicts if you intend to use it as interrupt. • PWM 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, and Provide PWM output with the analogWrite function. • SPI on the ICSP header. These pins support SPI communication using the SPI library. Note that the SPI pins are not connected to any of the digital I/O pins as they are on the Uno, They are only available on the ICSP connector. This means that if you have a shield that uses SPI, but does NOT have a ICSP connector that connects to the Yún's ICSP header, the shield will not work. The SPI pins are also connected to the AR9331 gpio pins, where it has been implemented in software the SPI interface. This means that the ATMega32u4 and the AR9331 can also communicate using the SPI protocol. • LED There is a LED connected to digital pin When the pin is HIGH value, the LED is on, when the pin is LOW, it's off. There are several other status LEDs on the Yún, indicating power, WLAN connection, WAN connection and USB. • Analog Inputs A0 A5, A6 A11 on digital pins 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, and The Yún has 12 analog inputs, labeled A0 through A11, all of which can also be used as digital i/o. Pins appear in the same locations as on the Uno inputs are on digital i/o pins 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, and 12 respectively. Each analog input provide 10 bits of resolution i.e. 1024 different values . By default the analog inputs measure from ground to 5 volts, though is it possible to change the upper end of their range using the AREF pin and the analogReference function. • AREF. Reference voltage for the analog inputs. Used with analogReference . There are 3 reset buttons with different functions on the board: • Yún RST. Bring this line LOW to reset the AR9331 microprocessor. Resetting the AR9331 will cause the reboot of the linux system. All the data stored in RAM will be lost and all the programs that are running will be terminated. • 32U4 RST. Bring this line LOW to reset the ATmega32U4 microcontroller. Typically used to add a reset button to shields which block the one on the board. • WLAN RST. This button has a double feature. Primarly serves to restore the WiFi to the factory configuration. The factory configuration consist to put the WiFi of the Yún in access point mode AP and assign to it the default IP address that is in this condition you can connect with your computer to the a WiFi network that appear with the SSID name "Arduino where the twelve 'X' are the MAC address of your Yún. Once connected you can reach the web panel of the Yún with a browser at the or address. Note that restoring the WiFi configuration will cause the reboot of the linux environment. To restore your WiFi configuration you have to press and hold the WLAN RST button for 5 seconds. When you press the button the WLAN blue LED will start to blink and will keep still blinking when you release the button after 5 seconds indicating that the WiFi restore procedure has been recorded. The second function of the WLAN RST button is to restore the linux image to the default factory image. To restore the linux environment you must press the button

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ARDUINO

Code:

Arduino is the perfect board to use when designing connected devices and, more in general, Internet of Things projects. It combines the power of Linux with the ease of use of Arduino
• The Arduino Yún is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega32u4 and the Atheros AR9331. The Atheros processor supports a Linux distribution based on OpenWrt named Linino OS. The board has built-in Ethernet and WiFi support, a USB-A port, micro-SD card slot, 20 digital input/output pins 7 of them can be used as PWM outputs and 12 as analog inputs , a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a micro USB connection, an ICSP header, and 3 reset buttons. NB In some countries, it is prohibited to sell WiFi enabled devices without government approval. While waiting for proper certification, some local distributors are disabling WiFi functionality. Check with your dealer before purchasing a Yún if you believe you may live in such a country.

The Yún distinguishes itself from other Arduino boards by its ability to communicate with the Linux distribution onboard, offering a powerful networked computer with the ease of an Arduino. In addition to Linux commands like the cURL, you can write your own shell and python scripts for robust interactions. The Yún is similar to the Leonardo with the ATmega32u4, except that it has Linux on board. has built-in USB communication, eliminating the need for a secondary processor .

NB Yun Release 5 The new Arduino Yun R5 differs substantially from the previous release in these features:
• The power supply system provides 5V on AREF
• The layout has been modified, adding two holes for USB signals and two holes for GP6
and GPIO13 LED2 .

Getting Started

In the Getting Started section, you can find all the information you need to configure your board. Ready to get started? If you bought your Arduino Yún before Oct 2014, please check the Yún Open WRT OS Getting Started Page, if you bought it after 2015 check Arduino Yún Linino OS Getting Started page.
• AVR Arduino microcontroller

Microcontroller Operating Voltage Input Voltage Digital I/O Pins PWM Output Analog I/O Pins DC Current per I/O Pin Flash Memory SRAM EEPROM Clock Speed

ATmega32U4 5V 20 7 12 40 mA on I/O Pins 50 mA on 3,3 Pin 32 KB of which 4 KB used by bootloader KB 1 KB 16 MHz
• Arduino Microprocessor

Processor Architecture Operating Voltage Ethernet WiFi USB Type Card Reader RAM Flash Memory SRAM EEPROM Clock Speed

Atheros AR9331 MIPS 3.3V 10/100Mbit/s 802.11b/g/n GHz Host 64 MB DDR2 16 MB KB 1 KB 400 MHz
• Power

It is recommended to power the board via the micro-USB connection with 5VDC. If you are powering the board though the Vin pin, you must supply a regulated 5VDC. There is no on-board voltage regulator for higher voltages, which will damage the board.

The Yún is also compatible with PoE power supply but in order to use this feature you need to mount a PoE module on the board or buy a preassembled board.

Note early models of the Yún with a PoE adapter were incorrectly providing the board with 12V. An updated version will soon be provided to distributors that provide the expected 5V. If you believe you have the wrong PoE adapter on your board, please contact

The power pins are as follows:
• VIN. The input voltage to the Arduino board. Unlike other Arduino boards, if you are going to provide power to the board through this pin, you must provide a regulated 5V.
• 5V. The power supply used to power the microcontrollers and other components on the board. This can come either from VIN or be supplied by USB.
• 3V3. A volt supply generated by the regulator. Maximum current draw is 50 mA.
• GND. Ground pins.
• IOREF. The voltage at which the i/o pins of the board are operating i.e. VCC for the
board . This is 5V on the Yún.

Memory

The ATmega32u4 has 32 KB with 4 KB used for the bootloader . It also has KB of SRAM and 1 KB of EEPROM which can be read and written with the EEPROM library .

The memory on the AR9331 is not embedded inside the processor. The RAM and the storage memory are externally connected. The Yún has 64 MB of DDR2 RAM and 16 MB of flash memory. The flash memory is preloaded in factory with a Linux distribution based on OpenWrt called Linino OS. You can change the content of the factory image, such as when you install a program or when you change a configuration file. You can return to the factory configuration by pressing the "WLAN RST" button for 30 seconds.

The Linino OS installation occupies around 9 MB of the 16 MB available of the internal flash memory. You can use a micro SD card if you need more disk space for installing applications.

Input and Output

It is not possible to access the I/O pins of the Atheros AR9331. All I/O lines are tied to the 32U4.

Each of the 20 digital i/o pins on the Yún can be used as an input or output, using pinMode , digitalWrite , and digitalRead functions. They operate at 5 volts. Each pin can provide or receive a maximum of 40 mA and has an internal pull-up resistor disconnected by default of 20-50 kOhms. In addition, some pins have specialized functions Serial 0 RX and 1 TX . Used to receive RX and transmit TX TTL serial data using the ATmega32U4 hardware serial capability. Note that on the Yún, the Serial class refers to USB CDC communication for TTL serial on pins 0 and 1, use the Serial1 class.

The hardware serials of the ATmega32U4 and the AR9331 on the Yún are connected together and are used to communicate between the two processors. As is common in Linux systems, on the serial port of the AR9331 is exposed the console for access to the system, this means that you can access to the programs and tools offered by Linux from your sketch.
• TWI 2 SDA and 3 SCL . Support TWI communication using the Wire library.
• External Interrupts 3 interrupt 0 , 2 interrupt 1 , 0 interrupt 2 , 1 interrupt 3 and 7
interrupt These pins can be configured to trigger an interrupt on a low value, a rising
or falling edge, or a change in value. See the attachInterrupt function for details. Is not recommended to use pins 0 and 1 as interrupts because they are the also the hardware serial port used to talk with the Linux processor. Pin 7 is connected to the AR9331 processor and it may be used as handshake signal in future. Is recommended to be careful of possible conflicts if you intend to use it as interrupt.
• PWM 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, and Provide PWM output with the analogWrite function.
• SPI on the ICSP header. These pins support SPI communication using the SPI library. Note that the SPI pins are not connected to any of the digital I/O pins as they are on the Uno, They are only available on the ICSP connector. This means that if you have a shield that uses SPI, but does NOT have a ICSP connector that connects to the Yún's ICSP header, the shield will not work. The SPI pins are also connected to the AR9331 gpio pins, where it has been implemented in software the SPI interface. This means that the ATMega32u4 and the AR9331 can also communicate using the SPI protocol.
• LED There is a LED connected to digital pin When the pin is HIGH value, the LED is on, when the pin is LOW, it's off. There are several other status LEDs on the Yún, indicating power, WLAN connection, WAN connection and USB.
• Analog Inputs A0 A5, A6 A11 on digital pins 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, and The Yún has 12 analog inputs, labeled A0 through A11, all of which can also be used as digital i/o. Pins appear in the same locations as on the Uno inputs are on digital i/o pins 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, and 12 respectively. Each analog input provide 10 bits of resolution i.e. 1024 different values . By default the analog inputs measure from ground to 5 volts, though is it possible to change the upper end of their range using the AREF pin and the analogReference function.
• AREF. Reference voltage for the analog inputs. Used with analogReference .

There are 3 reset buttons with different functions on the board:
• Yún RST. Bring this line LOW to reset the AR9331 microprocessor. Resetting the AR9331 will cause the reboot of the linux system. All the data stored in RAM will be lost and all the programs that are running will be terminated.
• 32U4 RST. Bring this line LOW to reset the ATmega32U4 microcontroller. Typically used to add a reset button to shields which block the one on the board.
• WLAN RST. This button has a double feature. Primarly serves to restore the WiFi to the factory configuration. The factory configuration consist to put the WiFi of the Yún in access point mode AP and assign to it the default IP address that is in this condition you can connect with your computer to the a WiFi network that appear with the SSID name "Arduino where the twelve 'X' are the MAC address of your Yún. Once connected you can reach the web panel of the Yún with a browser at the or address. Note that restoring the WiFi configuration will cause the reboot of the linux environment. To restore your WiFi configuration you have to press and hold the WLAN RST button for 5 seconds. When you press the button the WLAN blue LED will start to blink and will keep still blinking when you release the button after 5 seconds indicating that the WiFi restore procedure has been recorded. The second function of the WLAN RST button is to restore the linux image to the default factory image. To restore the linux environment you must press the button

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Datasheet ID: A000008 518280